With the rise of high-deductible health plans, a growing portion of provider revenue now comes directly from patients rather than insurance companies. That’s why managing self-pay accounts receivable (AR) in the revenue cycle is so important. With the right tools, technology, and workflows, healthcare organizations can:
- Decrease operational costs. Efficient self-pay AR management reduces administrative costs associated with billing, follow-up, and collections.
- Enhance regulatory compliance. With the right self-pay AR management strategy centered on transparency and next-level patient engagement, hospitals and health systems reduce financial and reputational risks.
- Enrich the patient financial experience. With effective self-pay AR management comes clearer communication about healthcare costs, flexible payment options, and transparent billing that improves patient satisfaction, reduces frustration, and fosters a better overall patient financial experience.
- Improve cash flow. Effective self-pay AR management mitigates delayed or unpaid bills which makes it easier to fund operations and invest in patient care.
This article provides revenue cycle strategies and tools to optimize self-pay AR recovery and improve overall revenue cycle management.
Understanding the Self-Pay AR Challenge
Hospitals and health systems recognize that more of their net patient revenue comes directly from patients than ever before. However, challenges collecting self-pay balances remain. In fact, insured patient collections decreased by 8.3% in 2024 compared with 2023. There are several reasons why self-pay AR continues to be problematic:
- Higher patient balances. High-deductible health plans increasingly attribute greater fiscal responsibility directly to patients. And as more patients have these types of plans, self-pay AR becomes more difficult to manage. Almost half (47%) of medical groups say they continue to see an increase in self-pay or uninsured patients in their payer mix.
- Inflexible payment terms. Rigid payment structures don’t accommodate patients’ financial situations and can lead to nonpayment and disengagement. Without an effective process to navigate evolving financial assistance programs and a streamlined way to connect patients with financial resources, organizations run the risk of nonpayment.
- Lack of price transparency. While there’s a growing movement at the federal level to require providers to disclose healthcare costs, the reality is that even when armed with this information, patients struggle to understand it. This lack of understanding causes confusion and payment disputes that may result in nonpayment or delayed payment.
- Outdated technology. Many hospitals do not provide patients with a modern, digital payment experience, causing a disconnect and worsening the problem.
- Unaffordable healthcare costs. As healthcare costs continue to skyrocket, less than half of Americans budget $50 or more per month for healthcare expenses. When healthcare bills arrive, they simply aren’t prepared to pay them. Recent data suggests that self-pay-after-insurance accounts are the leading source of bad debt, accounting for 57.6% of patient bad debt.
- Potential effects of the “One Big Beautiful Bill”. The passage of the “One Big Beautiful Bill Act” on July 4, 2025, has introduced significant changes to Medicaid and the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which are expected to have profound implications for healthcare providers, particularly in managing self-pay accounts receivable. Specifically, the expected reduction in Medicaid coverage is likely to lead to several challenges for healthcare providers such as increased self-pay balances, strain on the revenue cycle, and overall financial instability.
Effective Strategies to Maximize Self-Pay AR Recovery
Fortunately, best practice revenue cycle strategies to maximize self-pay AR recovery can help hospitals improve financial performance while simultaneously enhancing patient engagement and satisfaction. Consider the following:
1. Emphasize transparent communication before the patient’s care journey begins.
Tools/strategies that can help: Employ an omnichannel, digital first patient communication strategy that includes cost estimators, proactive pre-appointment outreach, financial counseling, and up-front collections. The goal is to achieve patient engagement right from the start and throughout the financial process.
2. Follow up with patients in a timely manner.
Tools/strategies that can help: Use automated payment reminders, AI virtual agent chat bots to answer payment-related questions, and empathic outbound calls to connect with patients long before accounts become delinquent. Remember: Consistency, empathy, and trust are the keys to patient engagement.
3. Make it easy for patients to pay.
Tools/strategies that can help: Promote online payment portals with digital wallets and alternative payment methods, pay-by-phone IVR options, personalized payment plans that make payments more manageable, financial assistance programs, self-service kiosks, virtual waiting rooms where patients can pre-pay using their mobile device, and other online payment solutions that cater to diverse patient needs.
4. Improve front-end revenue cycle processes.
Tools/strategies that can help: Embrace real-time insurance verification and eligibility as well as screening for Medicaid and other coverage options to prevent back-end rework.
5. Use data wisely.
Tools/strategies that can help: Leverage propensity to pay models and presumptive charity/federal poverty level calculations to offer the best payment option based on each patient’s ability to pay.
6. Consider third-party collection agencies.
Tools/strategies that can help: Integrate services to improve recovery rates for aging self-pay AR balances when other efforts are unsuccessful.
Measuring Success
Organizations drive continuous improvement of self-pay patient AR by monitoring these essential revenue cycle key performance indicators:
- Bad debt ratio—percentage of self-pay AR that turns into bad debt.
- Collection rate—the percentage of self-pay AR balances collected.
- Days in AR—how quickly self-pay AR balances are collected.
- Payment plan success—percentage of patients who complete their payment plan successfully.
A combination of effective revenue cycle strategies and the right technology/tools can maximize self-pay AR recovery and reduce delinquencies. Adopting a patient-centered approach while leveraging technology and data analytics helps hospitals achieve high levels of patient engagement and optimal results. Focusing on self-pay AR recovery enables organizations to improve financial health and patient satisfaction. Contact Revenue Enterprises for a customized solution to optimize self-pay AR recovery and improve revenue cycle performance.